Read this: Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.
Now answer this question, if there is an answer (If it cannot be answered, return "unanswerable"): People communicate with dogs by voice commands, body language or posture and what else?
hand signals