What is a question about this article? If the question is unanswerable, say "unanswerable".

Early HDTV commercial experiments, such as NHK's MUSE, required over four times the bandwidth of a standard-definition broadcast. Despite efforts made to reduce analog HDTV to about twice the bandwidth of SDTV, these television formats were still distributable only by satellite.

Despite the reduced bandwith, HDTV format still had to be distributed how?
by satellite